PSA vs BGS vs CGC: how do the main grading companies compare?

PSA, BGS and CGC are three of the best-known trading card grading companies. All three assign a grade from 1 to 10 and seal the card in a protective slab. The differences lie in the details. This guide compares them without ranking them.

Grading scales

PSA uses whole-number grades. BGS and CGC also use half-point steps. A half point can matter, because a small grade difference can mean a large price difference.

Subgrades

BGS reports four subgrades: centering, corners, edges and surface. These sit behind the overall grade. CGC also offers subgrades on some services. PSA generally shows a single overall grade. Subgrades give more detail, but they can also create more room for debate.

Top-tier labels

Each company has a special label for the very best cards. For example, BGS has the Black Label, which requires top subgrades. Buyers often pay a premium for these labels. The premium depends on the card and the moment.

Slab design

Each company uses its own slab and label design. Some collectors prefer one look over another. Slab design does not change the card inside. Buyers also look at whether the slab is clean and undamaged.

Turnaround and cost

Turnaround times and fees change often. They depend on the service level and on demand. Check each company's current service options before you submit cards.

How the market prices each

The market often prices the same grade differently across companies. For some cards, one company's slabs trade at a higher level. This can change over time and by card type. Always compare sales of the same company and grade.

How to check a grade independently

• Look up the certification number on the grading company's website.
• Compare the card image and details with the slab.
• Check that the slab shows no cracks or signs of tampering.
• Ask the seller for clear photos of the front and back.

FAQ

Which company is best?

There is no single answer. It depends on the card, the buyer and the market.

Does a high grade guarantee a higher price later?

No. A grade describes condition today. It does not guarantee future value.

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